Injongo ephambili yesigaba semiqondiso yendlela kukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba kwezithuthi okungqubanayo okanye okuphazamisayo kakhulu kunye nokunciphisa ungqubano lwezithuthi kunye nokuphazamiseka kwindawo edibana kuyo. Uyilo lwesigaba sesignali yendlela linyathelo eliphambili lexesha lesignali, elimisela isayensi kunye nengqiqo yesicwangciso sexesha, kwaye lichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko lwezithuthi kunye nokugudama kwendlela edibana ngayo.
Inkcazo yamagama anxulumene nezibane zeempawu zendlela
1. Isigaba
Kwimijikelo yesignali, ukuba umjelo omnye okanye emininzi yethrafikhi ifumana umboniso wombala ofanayo wesignali nangaliphi na ixesha, isigaba sesignali esipheleleyo esiqhubekayo apho bafumana khona imibala eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya (eluhlaza, etyheli nebomvu) sibizwa ngokuba sisigaba sesignali. Isigaba ngasinye sesignali siyatshintshana rhoqo ukuze sifumane umboniso wokukhanya okuluhlaza, oko kukuthi, ukufumana "ilungelo lendlela" ngendlela enqumlayo. Ukuguqulwa ngakunye "kwelungelo lendlela" kubizwa ngokuba sisigaba sesigaba sesignali. Ixesha lesignali lenziwe sisamba sawo onke amaxesha esigaba amiselwe kwangaphambili.
2. Umjikelo
Lo mjikelo ubhekisa kwinkqubo epheleleyo apho imibala eyahlukeneyo yezibane zesibane sesignali iboniswa ngokulandelelana.
3. Ingxabano yokuhamba kwezithuthi
Xa imijelo emibini yendlela ehambahambayo eneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba idlula kwindawo ethile kwindawo leyo ngaxeshanye, kuya kubakho ingxabano yendlela, kwaye le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yindawo yengxabano.
4. Ukugcwala
Umlinganiselo womthamo wendlela ohambelana nomgaqo kunye nomthamo wendlela.
Umgaqo woyilo lwesigaba
1. Umgaqo wokhuseleko
Iingxabano zokuhamba kwezithuthi ngaphakathi kwezigaba kufuneka zincitshiswe. Ukuhamba kwezithuthi okungangqubaniyo kunokukhululwa kwinqanaba elinye, kwaye ukuhamba kwezithuthi ezingangqubaniyo kuya kukhululwa ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo.
2. Umgaqo wokusebenza kakuhle
Uyilo lwesigaba lufanele luphucule ukusetyenziswa kwexesha kunye nezixhobo zendawo kwindawo edibana kuyo iimoto. Amanqanaba amaninzi kakhulu aya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwexesha elilahlekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendlela ezidibana ngayo iimoto. Amanqanaba ambalwa kakhulu anokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngenxa yokungqubana okukhulu.
3. Umgaqo wokulinganisela
Uyilo lwesigaba kufuneka luqwalasele ibhalansi yokugcwala phakathi kokuhamba kwezithuthi kwicala ngalinye, kwaye ilungelo lendlela kufuneka labelwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba kwezithuthi kwicala ngalinye. Kuya kuqinisekiswa ukuba umlinganiselo wokuhamba kwecala ngalinye lokuhamba ngaphakathi kwesigaba awuhlukanga kangako, ukuze kungachithwa ixesha lokukhanya okuluhlaza.
4. Umgaqo wokuqhubeka
Icala lokuhamba komoya linokufumana ubuncinane ixesha elinye lokukhanya okuluhlaza okuqhubekayo kumjikelo; Zonke iindlela zokuhamba komnyango wokungena kufuneka zikhutshwe ngezigaba eziqhubekayo; Ukuba imijelo emininzi yezithuthi yabelana ngomgaqo, kufuneka ikhutshwe ngaxeshanye. Umzekelo, ukuba ithrafikhi edlulayo kunye nethrafikhi ejika ngasekhohlo zabelana ngomgaqo omnye, kufuneka zikhutshwe ngaxeshanye.
5. Umgaqo wabahambi ngeenyawo
Ngokubanzi, abahambi ngeenyawo kufuneka bakhululwe kunye nokuhamba kwezithuthi kwicala elinye ukuze kuthintelwe ingxabano phakathi kwabahambi ngeenyawo kunye nezithuthi ezijika ngasekhohlo. Kwiindawo ezinqumlayo ezinobude obude bokunqumla (obungaphezulu okanye obulingana ne-30m), ukunqumla okwesibini kunokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-30-2022
